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Abstract@#Fear of missing out is an emerging type of anxiety disorder in the context of the Internet and has showed significant impacts on physical and mental health of college students. The review provides an overview on the connotation, extension, and adverse effects, as well as potential underlying mechanisms of fear of missing out in mobile social media among college students, which aims to highlight future attention, as well as prevention and intervention reference on fear of missing out in college students.
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Objective@#To investigate the effect of hypnotherapy on improving pain degree,pain catastrophizing,pain self efficacy,coping styles of female college students with primary dysmenorrhea, and to provide the theoretical support for psychological intervention.@*Methods@#Fifty six female college students with primary dysmenorrhea were randomly divided into experimental group( n =28) and control group( n =28).Samples in the experimental group received 10 session structured hypnotherapy, while the control group received no intervention (the control group could receive the intervention when the intervention was proved to be effective) .The effects were evaluated with Numerical Rating Scale (NRS),Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS),Pain Self Efficacy Questionnaire（PSEQ）,was proved to be effective .The effects were evaluated with Numerical Rating Scale (NRS),Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS),Pain Self Efficacy Questionnaire（PSEQ）,Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire（SCSQ）in the pretest，protest and tracking test.@*Results@#The time effect，group effect and time group interaction on the NRS,PCS,PSEQ scores of the two groups of female college students were all statistically significant ( F =12.83，21.77，13.65； 22.96，28.98，24.84；25.35，18.26，27.02， P < 0.01 ).Immediately after the intervention and 3 months after the intervention，the scores of SCSQ positive coping dimension of the experimental group（1.43±0.35，1.50±0.39）were significantly higher than those of the control group（1.22±0.19，1.20±0.21），and the scores of SCSQ negative coping dimension of the experimental group（1.59±0.38，1.52±0.49）were significantly lower than those of the control group（1.80±0.17，1.80±0.20）, the differences were all statistically significant ( P <0.05);There were statistical differences among time effect，group effect and timegroup interaction on the positive coping and negative coping scores of SCSQ ( F = 15.14 ， 4.29 ， 14.37 ；7.66，4.10，6.95， P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Hypnotherapy intervention for female college students with primary dysmenorrhea can effectively alleviate pain degree，and improve the pain catastrophizing and coping styles,enhance their pain self efficacy. The hypnotherapy also shows long term effects.
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OBJECTIVE：To investigate the effect of increasing efficacy and decreasing toxicity of Limax extract （LE）on cyclophosphamide（CTX）in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS ：The mice were randomly divided into normal group，model group ，CTX group （0.02 g/kg），LE low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups （LEL，LEM，LEH group ，0.6，1.2，2.4 g/kg），CTX+LE low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose combination groups （CTX+LEL，CTX+LEM，CTX+ LEH group ，the same dose as single drug group ），with 10 huangrenbin518@163.com mice in each group. Except for normal group ，other groups were inoculated with hepatoma cells H 22 in the left ar mpit to establish tumor bearing models. After 24 h of inoculation ，normal group and model group were intragastrically given normal saline ， and administration groups were intragastrically given corresponding drugs ，once a day ，for 10 days. On the second day after the last administration ，the general conditions of mice in each group were observed ；the body mass ，thymus index （LI），spleen index （SI）were measured ；the tumor inhibition rate was detected. The effect （q）of combination therapy was evaluated by King ’s formula . The counts of WBC ，RBC and PLT ，serum contents of ALT ，ALT，Scr and BUN were detected in model group ，CTX group and combination groups ，and the contents of MDA，SOD and GSH ，the levels of VEGF ，TNF-α and IL-6 in the tumor tissue were detected by colorimetry and ELISA in above groups. The protein expression of oncogenes （p53，Bcl-2 and Bax ）were detected by immunohistochemical method in model group，CTX group and CTX+LEM group. RESULTS ：The mice in the model group were in poor spirit and had symptoms of excessive drinking and eating ；although the body weight ，TI and SI were not significantly abnormal compared with normal group （P＞0.05），WBC count and AST content were significantly increased ，ALT and BUN contents were significantly decreased （P＜ 0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with model group ，above symptoms of mice were all improved in administration groups. The tumor weight of administration groups ，TI and SI of CTX group and TI of combination groups were decreased significantly ，but tumor weight of LEL group and LEH group ，TI and SI of LE single groups and combination groups were significantly higher than CTX group；tumor weight of combination groups were significantly lower than CTX group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. The tumor inhibition rates of administration groups were 29.58％-72.08％. The q values of CTX+LEL group ，CTX+LEM group and CTX+LEH group were 1.03，0.97 and 0.86，respectively. Compared with model group ，WBC count ，AST and BUN contents of CTX group ，MDA contents of combination groups ，VEGF，TNF-α and IL-6 levels of administration groups ，the protein expression of Bcl- 2 in CTX group and CTX+LEM group were decreased significantly ；the activities of SOD and GSH of administration groups ，the protein expression of p 53 in CTX+LEM group and Bax in CTX group ，CTX+LEM group were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜ 0.01）；WBC counts and AST contents of administration groups ，ALT content of CTX+LEM group ，SOD activity of CTX+LEH group and GSH activity of CTX+LEM group were all significantly higher than those of CTX group ；MDA content of CTX+LEH group，VEGF and TNF-α levels of CTX+LEM group and CTX+LEH group，IL-6 levels of administration groups were all significantly lower than CTX group （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：LE combined with CTX can increase the anti-tumor effect，and LE can reduce the toxicity of CTX induced immunosuppression and bone marrow suppression in mice ，with effect of increasing efficacy and decreasing toxicity. The effect may be related to antioxidant stress ，inhibition of angiogenesis and secretion of inflammatory factors ，and regulation of apoptosis protein expression.
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OBJECTIVE： To study improvement effects of Panax notoginsenoside（PNS） on cisplatin-induced renal injury model rats and its effects on related factors. METHODS： Totally 72 SD rats were randomly divided into blank group， model group， positive drug group and PNS low-dose， medium-dose， high-dose groups， with 12 rats in each group. Except for blank group， other groups were given cisplatin via tail vein （3 mg/kg×4 times） to establish renal injury model. Since the first day after the first injection of cisplatin， positive group was given anfostine solution intraperitoneally （1.0 mg/kg）； PNS groups were given PNS solution intraperitoneally （15.63， 31.35， 62.70 mg/kg）； blank group and model groups were given constant volume of normal saline 0.2 mL， for consecutive 60 d. The 24 h urine of rats was collected； the contents of β-N-acetylaminoglycosidase（NAG） and 24 h urine protein （Upro/24 h） were detected； the serum contents of Scr and BUN were detected. mRNA and protein expression of CTGF， TGF-β1， Col-1， TIMP-1 and PAI-1 in renal tissue were determined by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively. RESULTS： Compared with blank group， the contents of NAG and Upro/24 h in urine， serum contents of Scr and BUN， mRNA and protein expression levels of CTGF， TGF-β1， Col-1， TIMP-1 and PAI-1 in renal tissue were increased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with model group， the contents of above urine and serum biochemical indicators were decreased significantly in PNS groups； mRNA expression of CTGF and TGF-β1 and protein expression of CTGF， TGF-β1， Col-1 and TIMP-1 in renal tissue of rats in PNS groups， mRNA expression of Col-1 in PNS high-dose group， and mRNA expression of TIMP-1 and protein expression of PAI-1 in PNS medium-dose and high-dose groups were decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. Compared with positive group， the contents of NAG and Upro/24 h in urine were decreased significantly in PNS medium-dose and high-dose groups （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： PNS can effectively improve the renal function of cisplatin-induced renal injury model rats， and relieve cisplatin-induced renal fibrosis by decreasing the expression of renal fibrosis related factors as CTGF， TGF-β1， Col-1， TIMP-1 and PAI-1 in renal tissue.
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OBJECTIVE: To discuss the effects of single dose of cisplatin on renal interstitial fibrosis indicators in rats dynamically. METHODS: 72 SD rats were randomly divided into normal group and cisplatin group, with 36 rats in each group. Normal group and cisplatin group were given equal volume of normal saline and cisplatin 5 mg/kg intraperitoneally on the first day, respectively. Each 6 rats were sacrificed on 8th, 14th, 30th, 50th, 60th, 90th day. The serum levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) were determined, and the degree of renal tubulointerstitial injury and relative area of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis were evaluated. The expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), type Ⅰ collagen (Col Ⅰ) and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) were determined in renal tissue. RESULTS: Compared with normal group, the serum levels of BUN and Cr, renal tubulointerstitial injury indexes, relative area of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and the expression of α-SMA, Col Ⅰ and TGF-β1 in renal tissue were increased significantly (P<0. 05 or P<0. 01). In cisplatin group, within the 8th-90th days, serum level of BUN in rats had no significant change; serum level of Cr, renal tubulointerstitial injury indexes, renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, the expression of a-SMA, Col Ⅰ and TGF-β1 in renal tissue increased first and then decreased. CONCLUSIONS: A single dose of clinical dose of cisplatin can induce renal interstitial fibrosis in rats, and its mechanism may be related to the expression of TGF-β1 in renal tissue.
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Objective:To study the effects of panax notoginsenosides on the proliferation and oxidation indices of cisplatin-induced nephroxicity in HK-2 cells. Methods:HK-2 cells were cultured in vitro till the number was up to 1 × 106/ml. The cells were inoculated in 96-well culture plate and randomly divided into six groups:normal saline ( NS) group,the model group, the positive control group and the high dose group , medium dose group and low dose group of panax notoginsenosides ( PNS) . The nephroxicity model was dupli-cated with the addition of cisplatin (the final concentration was 6. 25μg·L-1). The model group, positive control group and the three panax notoginsenosides groups was treated with saline solutions, amifostine, panax notoginsenosides at the dose of 100,50 and 25 mg· L-1 , respectively. The cell viability was detected with an MTT method, the content of MDA and the activity of SOD, GSH-PX and LDH were measured and the cell structure was observed. DCFH-DA was used as the fluorescence probe to detect the level of ROS by a fluorescence microplate reader. Results:Compared with those in the model group, the cell viability and the activity of SOD and GSH-PX in the three PNS groups and the positive control group significantly increased (P<0. 05);the content of MDA, the level of ROS and the activity of LDH significantly decreased (P<0. 05); the cell structure was significantly improved. Conclusion: PNS can pro-mote the proliferation of HK-2 cells in vitro, and improve the biochemical parameters and enzyme levels. The results suggest that PNS has a protective effect on HK-2 cell,and the protective mechanisms may be related with its antioxidant effect.
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Objective To investigate the feasibility of inserting and detaining nasointestinal feeding tube in small bowl guided by bedside ultrasound(US)in critically ill elderly patients.Methods This was a retrospective study.Sixty four aged patients(≥ 60 years)in general ICU,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing College,received the US-guided nasointestinal feeding tubes inserting and detaining.Feeding tubes passed through nasal and went into the stomach by manual blind method.Under US-guiding condition,the tube passed through the pyloric sphincter and further into the duodenum or jejunum.Finally the correct position of the tube head was assessed by bedside X-ray examination.Results The US-guided nasointestinal feeding tube-detaining technique was successfully operated in 57 patients(89.1％).The feeding tube heads were in the duodenum in thirty four cases(53.1 ％),and in proximal jejunum in twenty-three cases(35.9％).The untoward reaction included the bleeding of nasal cavity in 1 case,and hypotension in another case.Conclusions Bedside US-guided nasointestinal feeding tube placement is safe and feasible in aged critical patients.
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Objective To investigate the feasibility of inserting and detaining nasointestinal feeding tube in small bowl guided by bedside ultrasound(US)in critically ill elderly patients.Methods This was a retrospective study.Sixty four aged patients(≥ 60 years)in general ICU,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing College,received the US-guided nasointestinal feeding tubes inserting and detaining.Feeding tubes passed through nasal and went into the stomach by manual blind method.Under US-guiding condition,the tube passed through the pyloric sphincter and further into the duodenum or jejunum.Finally the correct position of the tube head was assessed by bedside X-ray examination.Results The US-guided nasointestinal feeding tube-detaining technique was successfully operated in 57 patients(89.1％).The feeding tube heads were in the duodenum in thirty four cases(53.1 ％),and in proximal jejunum in twenty-three cases(35.9％).The untoward reaction included the bleeding of nasal cavity in 1 case,and hypotension in another case.Conclusions Bedside US-guided nasointestinal feeding tube placement is safe and feasible in aged critical patients.
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OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of Shenfukang capsules on clinical efficacy and renal function indexes of patients with renal insufficiency. METHODS:Totally 100 inpatients with renal insufficiency treated by Shenfukang cap-sules in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University during Feb. to Mar. 2015 were analyzed retrospectively in respects of general information of patients,therapy plan,renal function indexs before and after treatment and clinical effica-cy. The relationship of clinical efficacy with age and duration was also analyzed. RESULTS:There were 33 cases of acute re-nal insufficiency and 67 cases of chronic renal insufficiency. The route of administration of Shenfukang capsules was oral ad-ministration(97 cases,97.00%),the main dosage was 6 capsule/d(36 cases,36.00%),and treatment duration were 0-0.05);among patients with chronic renal insufficiency,the total response rate of patients elder than 60 years old was significantly better than that of patients with ≤60 years old,with statistical significance (P<0.05). With the extension of treatment duration,the total response rate of patients with acute renal insufficiency was on the rise,and that of patients with chron-ic renal insufficiency increased first and then decreased. No obvious ADR was found during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Shenfu-kang capsules can improve renal function in patients with renal insufficiency,and has definite curative effect on acute and chronic renal insufficiency with good security. The clinical efficacy may be related to age and treatment course.
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Aim To investigate the effects of panax nonstaining saponins ( PNS ) on the apoptosis of renal cells induced by cisplatin through the path of mitochon-drion . Methods Male Sprague-Dawley( SD) rats were randomized divided into normal control group, cisplatin model group and the cisplatin+PNS group,with 12 rats of each group. Animals were sacrificed to determine the N-acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase ( NAG ) in urine, blood urea nitrogen ( BUN) and serum creatinine ( Cr) concentrations after 8d of intraperitoneal injection. HE-staining was employed to observe renal pathologies. Transmission electron microscopy ( TEM ) was em-ployed to observe the mitochondria of the rats′ injured kidney region. TUNEL staining was employed to detect the distribution of apoptotic cells. Immunnohistochem-istry was used to detect Bax and caspase-9 expression, and expression of Bcl-2 protein was detected by West-ern blot. Results Compared with the normal control group, contents of BUN, serum Cr and urinary NAG levels of rat in the cisplatin model group were increased ( P <0. 01 ) , and some mitochondria of the epithelial cells of renal tubules got injured seriously. The apopto-sis rate of kidney cell was increased ( P<0. 01 ) . The expression of Bax,caspase-9 and Bcl-2 proteins was in-creased ( P < 0. 01 ) . Compared with the cisplatin model group, contents of BUN, serum Cr and urinary NAG levels of rats in the cisplatin model group were decreased ( P <0. 01 ) , and some mitochondria of the epithelial cells of renal tubules were significantly im-proved. The apoptosis rate of kidney cell was decreased ( P<0. 01 ) . The expression of Bax and caspase-9 pro-tein was decreased (P<0. 01),but Bcl-2 protein was increased ( P < 0. 01 ) . Conclusion PNS may in-crease the expression of Bcl-2 protein and decrease the expression of Bax and caspase-9 proteins, which may play a protective role in cisplatin nephritic damage.
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OBJECTIVE:To discuss the working method for clinical pharmacists in the use of antibacterials in retinopathy surgical department. METHODS:The utilization of antibacterials in surgical department and the experience of the author in the use of antibacterials were analyzed. RESULTS & CONCLUSION:Clinical pharmacists can play an important role in the rational use antibacterials by participating in the perioperative use of antibacterials,treatment of infection cases,and sample collection etc in surgical department.
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0.05),but the t1/2 was longer and the AUC and the Cmax were lower in group B than in other groups(P
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OBJECTIVE To discussion the risk factors of Acinetobacter baumannii infection in Burn ward.METHODS The A.baccmannii infection and risk factors were retrospectively reviewed.RESULTS 1326 strains were isolated of with 72 strains were A.baccmannii(5.43%) and showed serious antimicrobial.CONCLUSIONS The mult-drug resistance of A.baccmannii are high and showld be paid attention to.
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OBJECTIVE To provide references for clinical diagnosis of catheter-related bloodstream infections(CRBSIs) and focus on studying the spectras of pathogenic bacteria and the drug sensitiveness. METHODS A total of 137 patients enrolled from Jan 2005 to Dec 2007 in our hospital with positive catheter cultures were admitted to our retrospective analysis.Pathogenic bacteria,contaminant bacteria and the drug sensitiveness of main pathogenic bacteria were analyzed. RESULTS From them 80 patients were diagnosed CRBSIs.Among 92 strains of pathogenic bacteria,43(46.7%) strains were Gram-positives,31(33.7%) coagulase negative staphylococci(CNS) strains,31(33.7%) Gram-negative bacilli strains and 18(19.6%) were Candida strains. CONCLUSIONS CNS are the most common bacteria of CRBSIs,and the second are Candida.The common pathogen show multi-drug resistance.